Economic Situation: Income > Wave 18

Longitudinal Wave

General Information

Title
Wave 18
Project Number
10.18
Abstract
This is the eighteenth wave of the LISS Core Study module Economic Situation: Income.
Longitudinal Type
Longitudinal Wave
Begin date
02-06-2025
End date
31-07-2025
Researcher
Stein Jongerius (Centerdata)
Publisher
Centerdata
Copyright
© 2025 Centerdata
DOI
https://doi.org/10.57990/absx-e797
Funding Organization
ODISSEI
OCW (Domeinplan SSH)
De Nederlandsche Bank (DNB)

Datasets and documentation

View Documentation

Codebook in English
Note: The 1.1 version has a textual change in the title. In the 1.2 version, a note was added to question ci25r159 about a routing error.
Codebook in Dutch
Note: The 1.1 version has a textual change in the title. In the 1.2 version, a note was added to question ci25r159 about a routing error.

Data Files

English SPSS file
English STATA file
English CSV file

Variables

Variable name Variable Label
nomem_encrNumber of the household member encrypted
ci25r_mYear and month of the field work period
ci25r001Position in the household
ci25r002Age respondent
ci25r326Year of birth respondent
ci25r003The household head lives together with a partner (wedded or unwedded).
ci25r383Primary occupation
ci25r005If you imagine a 'ladder of life', where the first step represents the worst possible life, and the tenth (top) step the best possible life, on what step would you place yourself?
ci25r006How satisfied are you with your financial situation?
ci25r007How satisfied are you with the current economic situation in the Netherlands?
ci25r008Did you receive income as employee in 2024? Note: this only concerns income received through paid work in employment.
ci25r009How many employers have you had (as employee) in 2024?
ci25r372What was your total gross wage(s) in 2024 [at your employer / at all of your employers]?
ci25r373To what category does your total gross wages in 2024 at [your employer / all of your employers] belong?
ci25r439What was your total net wage(s) in 2024 [your employer /at all of your employers]?
ci25r037Which work situation as described below in 2024 applied to you (or for a part of 2024)? You worked as an entrepreneur or as a freelancer
ci25r038Which work situation as described below in 2024 applied to you (or for a part of 2024)? You worked as an entrepreneur or as a freelancer alongside a job
ci25r039Which work situation as described below in 2024 applied to you (or for a part of 2024)? You are self-employed in a one-person business
ci25r040Which work situation as described below in 2024 applied to you (or for a part of 2024)? You are a company owner
ci25r041Which work situation as described below in 2024 applied to you (or for a part of 2024)? You participate in a partnership (Dutch: maatschap)
ci25r042Which work situation as described below in 2024 applied to you (or for a part of 2024)? You are a partner in a partnership (Dutch: vennootschap onder firma, VOF)
ci25r043Which work situation as described below in 2024 applied to you (or for a part of 2024)? You own a private limited liability company or limited partnership (Dutch: Commanditaire Vennootschap, CV)
ci25r044Which work situation as described below in 2024 applied to you (or for a part of 2024)? You make profit (or losses) through enterprise in some other way (not: as spouse or partner cooperating in the business).
ci25r045Which work situation as described below in 2024 applied to you (or for a part of 2024)? None of these
ci25r046Do you already know what the fiscal profit (or possible loss) is over 2024?
ci25r047Is the fiscal profit (or gross income minus entrepreneur or freelancer expenses) positive or negative over 2024?
ci25r049How much was the fiscal profit (or the gross income minus entrepreneur or freelancer costs) over 2024?
ci25r048Do you expect the fiscal profit (or the gross income minus entrepreneur or freelancer expenses) to be positive or negative over 2024?
ci25r050Can you give an estimate of the fiscal profit (or the gross income minus entrepreneur or freelancer expenses) over 2024?
ci25r051To what category does your fiscal profit or loss (or the gross income minus entrepreneur or freelancer expenses) in 2024 (approximately) belong?
ci25r052What source did you use to enter the details concerning the fiscal profit (or the gross income minus entrepreneur or freelancer expenses)? Tax form
ci25r053What source did you use to enter the details concerning the fiscal profit (or the gross income minus entrepreneur or freelancer expenses)? Other
ci25r054What source did you use to enter the details concerning the fiscal profit (or the gross income minus entrepreneur or freelancer expenses)? None
ci25r055What source do you mean with 'other'?
ci25r059Did you (also) work in self-employment in 2023?
ci25r060Was the fiscal profit over 2023 positive or negative?
ci25r061What was the (estimated) fiscal profit over 2023?
ci25r062To what category does your fiscal profit or loss in 2023 (approximately) belong?
ci25r065Were you on early retirement in 2024 or for a part of 2024?
ci25r363Which of the old age pensions or life annuities listed below did you receive in 2024? Early retirement (Dutch: prepensioen)
ci25r067Which of the old age pensions or life annuities listed below did you receive in 2024? State old age pension (Dutch: AOW)
ci25r068Which of the old age pensions or life annuities listed below did you receive in 2024? Other pensions (accrued through the employer)
ci25r069Which of the old age pensions or life annuities listed below did you receive in 2024? Life annuity
ci25r393Which of the old age pensions or life annuities listed below did you receive in 2024? Additional Income Provision Elderly (AIO) (Dutch: Aanvullende inkomensvoorziening ouderen)
ci25r070Which of the old age pensions or life annuities listed below did you receive in 2024? None of the above
ci25r364What is the gross amount that you received as prepensioen (early retirement) in 2024?
ci25r365To what category does the gross amount of prepensioen that you received in 2024 belong?
ci25r440What is the net amount that you received in 2024 as prepensioen (early retirement)?
ci25r076What is the gross amount that you received as state pension (AOW) in 2024?
ci25r367To what category does the gross amount of AOW that you received in 2024 belong?
ci25r441What is the net amount that you received in 2024 as AOW?
ci25r080What is the gross amount that you received in 2024 as other pensions?
ci25r081To what category does the gross amount that you received in 2024 as other pensions belong?
ci25r442What is the net amount that you received in 2024 as other pensions?
ci25r084What is the gross amount that you received as life annuities in 2024?
ci25r085To what category does the gross amount of life annuity that you received in 2024 belong?
ci25r443What is the net amount that you received as life annuities in 2024?.
ci25r394What net amount did you receive as Additional Income Provision Elderly (AIO) in 2024?
ci25r100Did you receive one or more of the following benefits or allowances in 2024? Healthcare benefit (paid through the Tax Administration) (Dutch: zorgtoeslag)
ci25r401Did you receive one or more of the following benefits or allowances in 2024? Childcare allowance (paid through the Tax Administration) (Dutch: kinderopvangtoeslag)
ci25r327Did you receive one or more of the following benefits or allowances in 2024? Child budget (paid through the Tax Administration) (Dutch: kindgebonden budget)
ci25r087Did you receive one or more of the following benefits or allowances in 2024? Sickness Benefits Act (Dutch: Ziektewetuitkering )
ci25r374Did you receive one or more of the following benefits or allowances in 2024? Unemployment Benefits Act or half-pay (Dutch: WW or wachtgeld)
ci25r090Did you receive one or more of the following benefits or allowances in 2024? General Surviving Relatives Act (Dutch: ANW)
ci25r091Did you receive one or more of the following benefits or allowances in 2024? Surviving relatives pension, from a pension fund or insurer (Dutch: partnerpensioen)
ci25r092Did you receive one or more of the following benefits or allowances in 2024? Orphan's pension (from a pension fund or insurer) (Dutch: wezenpensioen)
ci25r341Did you receive one or more of the following benefits or allowances in 2024? Participation Act (Dutch: bijstand: Participatiewet)
ci25r094Did you receive one or more of the following benefits or allowances in 2024? Supplementary benefit for self-employed persons (Dutch: bijstand voor zelfstandigen)
ci25r402Did you receive one or more of the following benefits or allowances in 2024? WAZ (Self-employed Persons Disablement Benefits)
ci25r095Did you receive one or more of the following benefits or allowances in 2024? Act on Income Provisions for Older or Partially Disabled Unemployed Persons/Formerly Self-Employed Persons (Dutch: IOAW/IOAZ)
ci25r096Did you receive one or more of the following benefits or allowances in 2024? WIA (WGA, IVA) and/or WAO (Law on Work and Income according to Labour capacity and/or Disability Insurance Act)
ci25r098Did you receive one or more of the following benefits or allowances in 2024? Invalidity pension (from a pension fund or insurer) (Dutch: invaliditeitspensioen)
ci25r099Did you receive one or more of the following benefits or allowances in 2024? AKW, General Child Benefit Act (Dutch: kinderbijslag)
ci25r328Did you receive one or more of the following benefits or allowances in 2024? Wajong (Work and Employment Support for Disabled Young Persons Act)
ci25r329Did you receive one or more of the following benefits or allowances in 2024? IOW (Income Provision for Older Unemployed Persons)
ci25r101Did you receive one or more of the following benefits or allowances in 2024? None of the above
ci25r143What is the net amount that you received in 2024 as healthcare benefit (paid through the Tax Administration)?
ci25r403To what category does the net amount that you received in 2024 as healthcare benefit (paid through the Tax Administration) belong?
ci25r404What is the net amount that you received in 2024 as childcare allowance (paid through the Tax Administration)?
ci25r405To what category does the net amount that you received in 2024 as childcare allowance (paid through the Tax Administration)?
ci25r330What is the net amount that you received in 2024 as child budget (paid through the Tax Administration)?
ci25r406To what category does the net amount that you received in 2024 as child budget (paid through the Tax Administration) belong?
ci25r102What is the total gross amount that you received in 2024 through the Sickness Benefits Act? Preferably as stated on your tax reporting statement.
ci25r103To what category does the gross amount that you received in 2024 through the Sickness Benefits Act belong?
ci25r407What is the net amount that you received in 2024 through the Sickness Benefits Act?
ci25r375What is the total gross amount that you received in 2024 through Unemployment Benefits Act or half-pay? Preferably as stated on your tax reporting statement.
ci25r376To what category does the gross amount that you received in 2024 through Unemployment Benefits Act or half-pay belong?
ci25r408What is the net amount that you received in 2024 through Unemployment Benefits Act or half-pay?
ci25r111What is the total gross amount that you received in 2024 through the General Surviving Relatives Act? Preferably as stated on your tax reporting statement.
ci25r368To what category does the gross amount that you received in 2024 through the General Surviving Relatives Act belong?
ci25r409What is the net amount that you received in 2024 as General Surviving Relatives Act?
ci25r114What is the total gross amount that you received in 2024 as surviving relatives pension (from a pension fund or insurer)? Preferably as stated on your tax reporting statement.
ci25r115To what category does the gross amount that you received in 2024 as surviving relatives pension (from a pension fund or insurer) belong?
ci25r410What is the net amount that you received in 2024 as surviving relatives pension (from a pension fund or insurer)?
ci25r117What is the total gross amount that you received in 2024 as orphan's pension (from a pension fund or insurer)? Preferably as stated on your tax reporting statement.
ci25r118To what category does the gross amount that you received in 2024 as orphan's pension (from a pension fund or insurer) belong?
ci25r411What is the net amount that you received in 2024 as orphan's pension (from a pension fund or insurer)?
ci25r344What is the net amount that you received in 2024 through the Participation Act?
ci25r125What is the net amount that you received in 2024 through the supplementary benefit for self-employed persons?
ci25r412What is the gross amount that you received in 2024 through the WAZ (Self-employed Persons Disablement Benefits)?
ci25r413To what category does the gross amount that you received in 2024 through the WAZ (Self-employed Persons Disablement Benefits) belong?
ci25r414What is the net amount that you received in 2024 through the WAZ (Self-employed Persons Disablement Benefits)?
ci25r437What is the gross amount that you received in 2024 as IOAW/IOAZ?
ci25r438To what category does the gross amount that you received in 2024 as IOAW/IOAZ belong?
ci25r128What is the net amount that you received in 2024 through the IOAW/IOAZ?
ci25r129What is the total gross amount that you received in 2024 as WIA (WGA, IVA) and/or WAO? Preferably as stated on your tax reporting statement.
ci25r130To what category does the gross amount belongs that you received in 2024 as WIA (WGA, IVA) and/or WAO belong?
ci25r415What is the net amount that you received in 2024 as WIA (WGA, IVA) and/or WAO?
ci25r135What is the total gross amount that you received in 2024 as invalidity pension (through a pension fund or insurer)? Preferably as stated on your tax reporting statement.
ci25r136To what category does the gross amount that you received in 2024 as invalidity pension (through a pension fund or insurer) belong?
ci25r416What is the net amount that you received in 2024 as invalidity pension (through a pension fund or insurer)?
ci25r140What is the net amount that you received in 2024 as AKW, General Child Benefit Act?
ci25r417What is the gross amount that you received in 2024 as Wajong?
ci25r418To what category does the grioss amount that you received in 2024 as Wajong belong?
ci25r333What is the net amount that you received in 2024 as Wajong?
ci25r336What is the net amount that you received in 2024 as IOW?
ci25r399Suppose you had €1.000 extra income in the past year, how much do you think this would have netted you?
ci25r400Suppose you had €1.000 extra income in the past year, how much do you think this would have netted you?
ci25r144Which of the sources of income listed below did you receive in 2024? Income through real estate (including renting our rooms)
ci25r146Which of the sources of income listed below did you receive in 2024? Student grant or allowance
ci25r147Which of the sources of income listed below did you receive in 2024? Student loan
ci25r148Which of the sources of income listed below did you receive in 2024? Alimony from your ex-spouse
ci25r149Which of the sources of income listed below did you receive in 2024? Alimony for your children
ci25r150Which of the sources of income listed below did you receive in 2024? Study allowance from your parents
ci25r151Which of the sources of income listed below did you receive in 2024? Allowances from family
ci25r152Which of the sources of income listed below did you receive in 2024? Income through share dividends, stocks, investment accounts or investment funds
ci25r153Which of the sources of income listed below did you receive in 2024? Interest from savings accounts, receivables, stock, bonds, debentures or investment accounts
ci25r395Which of the sources of income listed below did you receive in 2024? Income from cryptocurrency
ci25r154Which of the sources of income listed below did you receive in 2024? None of the above
ci25r155What amount of income did you receive in total in 2024 from real estate (including renting out rooms)?
ci25r156To what category does the gross amount that you received in 2024 from real estate (including renting out rooms) belong?
ci25r159What amount of income did you receive in total in 2024 through student grant or allowance?
ci25r160To what category does the gross amount that you received in 2024 through a student grant or allowance belong?
ci25r161What amount of income did you receive in total in 2024 through a student loan?
ci25r162To what category does the amount that you received in 2024 through a student loan belong?
ci25r163What amount of income did you receive in total in 2024 as alimony from your ex-spouse?
ci25r164To what category does the amount that you received in 2024 as alimony from your ex-spouse belong?
ci25r165What amount of income did you receive in total in 2024 as alimony for your children?
ci25r166To what category does the amount that you received in 2024 as alimony for your children belong?
ci25r167What amount of income did you receive in total in 2024 as a study allowance from your parents?
ci25r168To what category does the amount that you received in 2024 as a study allowance from your parents belong?
ci25r169What amount of income did you receive in total in 2024 as allowances from family?
ci25r170To what category does the amount that you received in 2024 as allowances from family belong?
ci25r171What amount of net income did you receive in total in 2024 through share dividends, stocks, investment accounts or investment funds?
ci25r172To what category does the net amount that you received in 2024 through share dividends, stocks, investment accounts or investment funds belong?
ci25r173What amount of net income did you receive in total in 2024 through interest from savings accounts, receivables, stock, bonds, debentures or investment accounts?
ci25r174To what category does the net amount that you received in 2024 through interest from savings accounts, receivables, stock, bonds, debentures or investment accounts belong?
ci25r396What amount of net income did you receive in total in 2024 through cryptocurrencies?
ci25r397To what category does the net amount that you received in 2024 through cryptocurrencies belong?
ci25r419Did you receive one or more inheritances in 2024?
ci25r420What was the total value of the inheritances you received in 2024, before deduction of inheritance tax?
ci25r421To what category does the total value of the inheritances you received in 2024, before deduction of inheritance tax, belong?
ci25r422Did you receive one or more gifts in 2024?
ci25r423What was the total value of the gifts you received in 2024?
ci25r424To what category does the total value of the gifts you received in 2024?
ci25r177Did you have any other forms of income in 2024 (aside from, possibly, rent benefit) that were not mentioned above?
ci25r384What was the total amount of other forms of income?
ci25r385To what category does the total amount of other forms of income that you received in 2024 belong?
ci25r203Did you pay more than 100 euros in 2024 in interest on personal loans, continuous credit or other loans?
ci25r204How much was the interest paid on personal loans, continuous credit or other loans in 2024? Disregard mortgage interest payments.
ci25r205Did you pay alimony to your ex-spouse or ex-partner in 2024? Do not consider alimony for children here.
ci25r206How much was the total amount of alimony paid to your ex-spouse or ex-partner in 2024?
ci25r207Did you pay alimony to or for your child(ren) in 2024?
ci25r208How much was the total amount of alimony paid to or for your child(ren) in 2024?
ci25r209Did you provide parental financial support to children studying and living on their own in 2024?
ci25r210How much was the total amount of this parental financial support in 2024?
ci25r211Did you provide children living on their own (also children not studying) with any other form of financial support or financial gifts in 2024?
ci25r212How much was the total amount of financial support or gifts provided in 2024?
ci25r213Did you provide financial support or financial gift to any other persons in 2024?
ci25r214How much was the total amount of financial support or gifts provided to other persons in 2024?
ci25r221Did you have a company car in 2024? It doesn't matter if the car was also used for private use.
ci25r222What was the purchase value of this car? Purchase value means the retail price of the car in the year of manufacture.
ci25r223To what category does the purchase value of this car belonged approximately?
ci25r224For how many months in 2024 did you have a company car? (This may concern different cars.)
ci25r337How much is your total taxable income in the three boxes (the total income)? This refers to the amount you entered in your tax return in 2024.
ci25r226What is your total taxable income* in the three boxes (the total income) for 2024 approximately?
ci25r338Can you estimate your total taxable income in the three boxes (the total income) over 2024, then?
ci25r339What was total net income of your household over the period from 1 January 2024 to 31 December 2024?
ci25r229Can you perhaps indicate, then, within what limits the total net income of your household lay in the period from 1 January 2024 to 31 December 2024?
ci25r425What do you expect to be the lowest total net yearly income your household may realize in the next 12 months?
ci25r426What do you expect to be the highest total net yearly income your household may realize in the next 12 months?
ci25r427What do you think is the probability that the net yearly income of your household will be less than € [ci25r425 + (0,4 * (ci25r426 – ci25r425))] in the next 12 months?
ci25r236What amount of net income per month would you consider the absolute minimum for your household, in your current circumstances?
ci25r237Do you expect to see any changes to the total net income per month of your household due to the fact that... a member of your household who is now working will stop working
ci25r238Do you expect to see any changes to the total net income per month of your household due to the fact that... a member of your household who is currently not working will start working
ci25r239Do you expect to see any changes to the total net income per month of your household due to the fact that... a member of your household will change to another job
ci25r240Do you expect to see any changes to the total net income per month of your household due to the fact that... a member of your household will gain career advancement
ci25r241Do you expect to see any changes to the total net income per month of your household due to the fact that... social benefits received by your household will increase considerably
ci25r242Do you expect to see any changes to the total net income per month of your household due to the fact that... social benefits received by your household will decrease considerably
ci25r377Can you indicate, on a scale from 0 to 10, whether the financial situation of your household has gotten better or worse compared to one year ago?
ci25r378Can you indicate, on a scale from 0 to 10, how hard or how easy it is for you to live off the income of your household?
ci25r245Can you indicate with which of the following issues you are or are not confronted at present? Having trouble making ends meet
ci25r246Can you indicate with which of the following issues you are or are not confronted at present? Unable to quickly replace things that break
ci25r247Can you indicate with which of the following issues you are or are not confronted at present? Having to lend money for necessary expenditures
ci25r248Can you indicate with which of the following issues you are or are not confronted at present? Running behind in paying rent/mortgage or general utilities
ci25r249Can you indicate with which of the following issues you are or are not confronted at present? Debt collector/bailiff at the door in the last month
ci25r250Can you indicate with which of the following issues you are or are not confronted at present? Received financial support from family or friends in the last month
ci25r251Can you indicate with which of the following issues you are or are not confronted at present? None of the above
ci25r252How would you describe the financial situation of your household at this moment?
ci25r253Think about the last 12 months. Was your household expenditure more than, equal to, or less than your household income?
ci25r254Did this expenditure in the last 12 months include the purchase of a house or car, or any other (large) investments?
ci25r255If you then disregard the purchase of a house or car, or any other (large) investments, was your household expenditure more than, equal to, or less than your household income?
ci25r379Do you think that there is any chance that you might lose your job in the coming 12 months (not because you are retiring)? You can indicate this in terms of a percentage.
ci25r257Do you think that you have a chance of finding a job in the coming 12 months? You can indicate this as a percentage.
ci25r258Think about the coming 12 months. Do you think that the expenditure of your household will be:
ci25r261Do you expect your financial situation to get better or worse over the coming 12 months?
ci25r380To what degree you consider yourself happy?
ci25r264Here are five descriptions of how financial decisions may be taken in a household. Which of these best describes how financial decisions are taken in your household?
ci25r265How would you describe the way in which financial affairs are arranged?
ci25r292Were you in arrears on one or more bills on 31 December 2024? No
ci25r293Were you in arrears on one or more bills on 31 December 2024? Yes, arrears on rent or mortgage
ci25r294Were you in arrears on one or more bills on 31 December 2024? Yes, arrears on general utilities
ci25r435Were you in arrears on one or more bills on 31 December 2024? Yes, arrears on health insurance premium
ci25r295Were you in arrears on one or more bills on 31 December 2024? Yes, arrears on other bills
ci25r381What was the total amount of your arrears on rent or mortgage on 31 December 2024?
ci25r299What was the total amount of your arrears on general utilities on 31 December 2024?
ci25r436What was the total amount of your arrears on health insurance premium on 31 December 2024?
ci25r300What was the total amount of your arrears on other bills on 31 December 2024?
ci25r301Did you fall into arrears for more than 2 months on rent (tenants) or installments on mortgage and interest (owners) in 2024?
ci25r302What were your largest arrears (in terms of months) on rent or installments on mortgage in 2024?
ci25r303Did you fall into arrears for more than 2 months on general utilities in 2024?
ci25r304What were your largest arrears (in terms of months) on general utilities in 2024?
ci25r382Do you eat a meal with meat, chicken, fish or a full vegetarian meal once a day?
ci25r306Do you buy new clothes regularly?
ci25r307Do you replace worn furniture?
ci25r340Do you take a week or more of holiday at least once every year?
ci25r309Do you pay voluntary parental contribution for your children (tuition fees, money for books and materials, school trips)?
ci25r352Do you go out for dinner at least once in two months?
ci25r353Are you able to heat your home well?
ci25r354Do you pay for one or more memberships of a sports club and suchlike?
ci25r355How easy or hard is it for you to go to unexpected essential expenses of € 500 or more without getting into debt or contracting a loan?
ci25r356How easy is it for you to pay for the living costs of your household? The living costs are:
ci25r428What will be the minimum percentage prices could increase over the next twelve months, do you think?
ci25r429What will be the maximum percentage prices could increase over the next twelve months, do you think?
ci25r430What is the most likely (consumer)prices increase over the next twelve months, do you think?
ci25r431How likely do you think that it is that the increase (in percent) in prices in the next twelve months will be less than [1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/9/10/11]%?
ci25r432How likely do you think that it is that the increase (in percent) in prices in the next twelve months will be less than [2/3/4/5/6/7/8/9/10/11/12/13/14]%
ci25r433How likely do you think that it is that the increase (in percent) in prices in the next twelve months will be more than [3/4/5/6/7/8/9/10/11/12/13/14/15/16]%
ci25r434How likely do you think that it is that the increase (in percent) in prices in the next twelve months will be more than [4/5/6/8/9/11/12/13/14/15/16/17/18/19]%
ci25r313Was it difficult to answer the questions?
ci25r314Were the questions sufficiently clear?
ci25r315Did the questionnaire get you thinking about things?
ci25r316Was it an interesting subject?
ci25r317Did you enjoy answering the questions?
ci25r318Starting date of the questionnaire
ci25r319Starting time of the questionnaire
ci25r320End date of the questionnaire
ci25r321End time of the questionnaire
ci25r322Duration in seconds

Response Information

Response Overview
Selected number of household members: 6,155 (100.0%)
Non-response: 1,521 (24.7%)
Response: 4,634 (75.3%)
Complete: 4,511 (73.3%)
Incomplete: 123 (2.0%)
Collection Events
Period
02-06-2025 to 30-06-2025
Sample
Panel members aged 16 years or older.
Collection Mode
internet survey
Fieldwork Note
A reminder sent twice to non-respondents

Period
07-07-2025 to 31-07-2025
Sample
Respondents who did not respond to the first survey
Collection Mode
internet survey
Fieldwork Note
A reminder was sent twice to non-respondents